有4条染色体，B项错误；图2表示有丝分裂过程中的某阶段，则该阶段包括有丝分裂前期和中期，这两个时期细胞中不会发生染色体着丝粒分裂，C项正确；图2中a:b:c=1:2:2,a表示染色体，可能处于有丝分裂前期、中期，此时染色体数目与体细胞中的相同，D项正确。15.答案BD命题透析本题以马的毛色遗传为情境，考查分离定律的应用，旨在考查考生的理解能力、获取信息的能力和实验与探究能力，以及生命观念、科学思维和科学探究的核心素养。思路点拨由于正常情况下，一匹母马一次只能生一匹小马，为了在一个配种季节里完成这项鉴定，应该让该栗色公马与多匹白色母马杂交，观察统计子代小马的毛色，A、C两项错误。若后代全是栗色马，则M可能是纯合子；若后代白色马：栗色马=1：1，则M是杂合子，B、D两项正确。16.答案BC命题透析本题以水稻的非糯性和糯性为情境，考查分离定律实验及应用的相关知识，旨在考查考生的理解能力、获取信息的能力和实验与探究能力，以及生命观念、科学思维的核心素养。思路点拨花粉出现这种比例的原因是F1形成配子时，成对的遗传因子彼此分离，分别进人两个不同的配子中，A项正确；本实验中只涉及一对等位基因，无法验证基因的自由组合定律，B项错误；F,为杂合子，根据F花粉加碘液的颜色变化不能确定性状的显隐性，C项错误；若相关基因用A、a表示，F,的基因型为Aa,自交产生F2的基因型为AA、Aa、aa,有非糯性和糯性两种表型，产生的花粉中有A和a两种配子，加碘液染色，在显微镜下观察到的颜色有蓝黑色和橙红色两种，D项正确。17.答案AC命题透析本题以白化病的遗传为情境，考查分离定律的应用，旨在考查考生的理解能力和获取信息的能力，以及生命观念、科学思维的核心素养。思路点拨组合二的夫妇正常，后代出现了白化病，可知白化为隐性性状，夫妇的基因型均为Aa,生育正常孩子的概率为75%，A项正确，D项错误；组合一的夫妇和子代都正常，该对夫妇中的一个很可能为纯合子，另个人可能是纯合子也可能是杂合子，B项错误；组合三的婚配方式中正常个体(Aa)与隐性个体(aa)婚配，类似于测交，C项正确。18.答案ABC命题透析本题以蝴蝶的翅色和眼色遗传柱形图为情境，考查自由组合定律的应用，旨在考查考生的理解能力和获取信息的能力，以及生命观念、科学思维的核心素养。思路点拨据图分析可知，F1中紫翅：黄翅=3：1，绿眼：白眼=1：1，因此，实验中所用亲本紫翅绿眼蝴蝶的基因型是AaBb,紫翅白眼蝴蝶的基因型是Aabb,A项正确；亲本的基因型为AaBb、Aabb,F,中紫翅绿眼的基因型是AABb、AaBb,AABb占的比例为(1/4)×(1/2)=1/8，AaBb占的比例为(2/4)×(1/2)=2/8，因此紫翅绿眼所占的比例是1/8+2/8=3/8，B项正确；亲本杂交组合为AaBb×Aabb,后代表型及比例为紫翅绿眼：紫翅白眼：黄翅绿眼：黄翅白眼=3：3：1：1，黄翅绿眼蝴蝶的基因型是aaBb,所占比例为(1/4)×(1/2)=1/8，C项正确；如果让F,中两只黄翅绿眼蝴蝶(aaBb)交配，得到的F2中表型有2种，黄翅绿眼和黄翅白眼，比例为3:1,D项错误。19.答案（除注明外，每空1分，共13分）(1)下一次分裂完成纺锤丝染色体（后两空答案可互换）(2)专门化产生完整有机体分化成其他各种细胞植物组织培养(2分)(3)自由基DNA一蛋白质细胞坏死由基因所决定的细胞自动结束生命(2分)命题透析本题考查细胞的生命历程，旨在考查考生的理解能力，以及生命观念、科学思维的核心素养。一4

CA1神经元突触前膜兴奋突触后膜兴奋腺苷转运蛋白腺首受体！CA3谷氨酸神经元突触小泡L-型Ca2+通道N-型Ca2+通道Ca2+Ca2文回答下列问题：(1)电刺激CA1神经元胞体，在CA3神经元的轴突上▲（填“能或不能”）检测到动作电位，原因是▲。(2)突触前膜兴奋时，N-型Ca2+通道开放，Ca2+内流引起突触小泡中的谷氨酸释放，并扩散到突触后膜，与后膜上的谷氨酸受体结合，改变突触后膜对离子的▲，阳离子内流引起突触后膜去极化，产生动作电位。因此，谷氨酸是一种▲（填“兴奋性”或“抑制性”)神经递质。(3)兴奋传到突触后膜时，L-型Ca2+通道开放，Ca2+内流引起胞内腺苷通过腺苷转运蛋白释放到▲中，与前膜上的腺苷受体结合，引起C厂内流，从而抑制神经元产生动作电位，这种调节机制属于▲（填“正或“负”)反馈调节。(4)检测发现，腺苷达到峰值的速度要比谷氨酸慢得多，这有利于机体保持较长时间▲状态；而长时间工作后，随着腺苷浓度的增加，人的疲惫感和困意加重，很快进入睡眠状态，此时▲（填交感或副交感)神经活动占据优势。(5)咖啡因的结构与腺苷相似，喝咖啡提神醒脑的具体机理是：咖啡因与腺苷竞争性地结合▲，从而阻断了腺苷信号通路。但也有人喝了咖啡却感觉还是很困，可能的原因是长期大量饮用咖啡，机体对咖啡因▲增加。高二生物试题卷第8页共8页

(4)综合上述信息可知C4植物比C3植物在低CO2的环境下生长更好，请分析可能的原因为(答两点)。22.(16分)宫颈癌是一种在女性中高发、由HPV病毒（人乳头瘤病毒：遗传物质是DNA)引发的癌症。2019年12月，首个国产HPV二价疫苗上市，适用于9~45岁女性。HPV的结构如下图1，疫苗制备的基本流程如下图2。请回答下列有关HPV疫苗（不含核酸）与预防子宫颈癌的相关问题。①获取目的基因+A↓②拼接基因表达载体③导入受体细咆胞病毒DNA↓④扩增和筛选主要衣壳蛋白(L)含目的基囚的受体细胞次要衣壳蛋白(L)月的基因产物的表达图1图2(1)制备HPV疫苗的目的基因可以用方法获取和扩增，该过程除了需要耐高温的DNA聚合酶、原料、缓冲溶液、还需要(2)利用基因工程制作疫苗的核心步骤是(序号)，该步骤用到的酶有。③过程通常需要用处理酵母细胞或大肠杆菌，使之处于感受态。(3)当个体接种HPV疫苗后，该疫苗作为和B细胞接触，为激活B细胞提供了第一个信号；第二个信号是发生变化并与其结合。此外，还需要的作用。B细胞增殖、分化成,后者在体被HPV感染时能够迅速作出反应，因而能够起到降低患子宫颈癌风险的作用。(4)结合图1分析，该二价疫苗安全又有效的原因是23.(16分)某植物为XY型性别决定的雌雄异株植物(2n=28),其花色红花和白花受等位基因A、a控制；茎长受B(高茎)、B(中茎)、b(矮茎)3个基因控制，某种茎长基因型胚胎致死。现将一对高茎红花植株个体杂交，产生的F1表型及比例如下表。取F1的中茎红花随机交配，F2中矮茎红花个体占7/32。性别F1的表型及数量雌株高茎红花雌株81、中茎红花雌株39雄株高茎红花雄株40、中茎红花雄株18、高茎白花雄株39、中茎白花雄株23高二生物学试卷第7页（共8页）

第十单元生态系统和人与环境学生用书由于关系而形成的一种联系。3.易错辨析食物链特点：起点是,为第(1)一处深海热泉可看作一个生态系统。营养级；终点是最高营养级，一般不会超过()个营养级。只包含生产者和消费者。(2)细菌在生态系统中可能是生产者，也食物链营养级与消费者级别的关系：可能是消费者或分解者。()级别=级别-1。(3)分解者是联系外界环境与生物群落的②食物网：食物链彼此交错连接成的复杂桥梁，生态系统中消费者处于主导地位。营养关系，叫作(错综复杂的食物网是使生态系统保持(4)许多食物链彼此相互交错形成的复杂的重要条件。食物网越复杂，营养结构就是食物网。食物网的复杂程度取生态系统抵抗就越强。决于该生态系统中生物的数量。()食物链和食物网是生态系统的(5)食物网中某生物的位置不能被其他生生态系统的和就物取代。是沿着这种渠道进行的。关能》。。命题视角分析核心知识突破《骨例1工下列有关生态系统的组成成分的叙续表述，正确的是)项目非生物的生产者消费者分解者A.有机肥可为绿色植物为主的生产者提物质和能量供物质和能量光合自养生营腐生B.蜣螂是需氧异养型动物，属于生态系统阳光、热物：绿色植大多数动生活的能、水、空物和蓝细物、寄生植细菌和中的消费者实例气、无机菌；化能合物、寄生细真菌、腐C.细菌只可能是生态系统组成成分中的盐等成生物：硝菌、病毒等生动物消费者和分解者化细菌等D.消费者都属于异养生物，消费者的存在将动植有利于生态系统的物质循环将无机物转加速生态系物的遗生物群落化为有机统的物质循体和动【重点归纳】生态系统各成分的作用及中物质和作用物，并将能环；帮助植物的排能量的根地位量储存在有物传播花粉遗物分本来源机物中和传播种子解为无非生物的项目生产者消费者分解者机物物质和能量生态系营养生态系统最自养异养异养生态系统生态系统的方式活跃的成统的关地位的基础、基石、主要键成分分、非必要必要成分成分必要成成分分327

2023年春季鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟学校期中联考题号题型分值考查（知识点）能力点难易度试题来源高一化学参考答案化学与生活、科技、1选抒题3成用记忆能力易原创23467知识理解3DAA选择题NA考查计算能力易改编1011121314153选择题3离子方程式分析能力易原创DABA04选择题3元素化合物转化推理能力中联考改编16.(除标注外，每空2分，共13分)5反应速率计算与比选择题数据分析3中联考改编较能力(1)C0(2分)6选择题3课本试验、题考查分析能力易改编(2)①第二周期第VA族(1分)<(2分)7选择题3试验图形考查分析能力易改编8选择题热化学图形考查推理能力中联考改编②3NO,+H,O一2HNO,+NO(2分)9选择题3原电池的工上作原理分析能力中联考改编10选择题3衡状态判断依据推理能力难网络改编(3)2xC0+2N0x==2xC02+N2(2分)数据分析11逃择题3速率影响因素难联考改编(4)溶液pH越小，溶液中HC1O的浓度越人，氧化NO的能力越强(2分)能力(5)2:1(2分)知识理解选择题3粗盐提纯易资料改编17.(每空2分，共16分)能力知识理解(1)吸收4613选择题3元素化学物知识难改编分析能力(2)b>a>c>d计算推理14选择题比荷守恒难改编(3)①0：C:0CH4+2H20-8e=C02+8H②ba③3.2能力选择题3元素化合物计算计算能力中改编18.(每空2分，共14分)知识理解16(1)填空题2元素化学物知识易原创(1)BD(错选0分，漏选1分)分析能力课本题(2)0.25mol·L-1·min-1(无单位不给分)，AD(错选0分，漏选1分)：16(2)①填空题2元素化学物知识记忆能力易改编(3)75%:记忆推理课本题16(2)②填空题2元素化学物知识易(4)RKPa能力改编记忆推理课本题16(3)填空题2元素化学物知识易(5)放出<能力改编19.(12分)元素化学物、速率知记忆推理16(4)填空题2中原创识(1)溶液变浅红色(2分)，CHO6(2分)能力计算分析(2)4Fe2++02+4H+=4Fe3++H20(2分)16(5)填空题2元素化学物知识难改编推理能力(3)维牛素C的溶液早酸性，或FSO4溶液的pH>4而ⅱ屮溶液pH<3(2分，合理即可，不求个)17(1)填空题4键能计算计算能力改编(4)pH对Fe3+'与SCN的显色反应有影响(2分，合理即可，不求企)课本题17(2)填空题金属活动性分析能力易(5)bc(2分，漏选1分)改编2023年春鄂东南教改联盟学校期中联考高一化学参考答案（共4页)第1页2023年春鄂东南教改联盟学校期中联考高一化学参考答案（共4页)第2页

4.许多生物在较高温度时，能受热诱导合成一系列热休克蛋白。热休克蛋白的主要功能是参一与蛋白质的代谢某些热休克蛋白可参与靶蛋白的折叠和去拆叠过程，某些热休克蛋白参与蛋白质的降解过程。下列叙不合理的是A.热休克蛋白基因受到热刺激后转录程度增强B.超过最适温度使蛋白质肽键断裂造成蛋白质变性C.热休克蛋白可对空间结构异常的蛋白质进行去折叠D.降解变性的蛋白质有利于维持细胞的正常代谢活动5.牡丹被牡丹葡萄孢（真菌）感染后会得灰霉病，会在叶尖或叶缘处生近圆形至不规则形水渍状斑，后扩大为圆形或不规则的大斑，病斑呈褐色或紫褐色。下列有关牡丹和牡丹葡萄孢粘的叙述，正确的是需A.牡丹葡萄孢细胞中不含有染色体B.它们具有的生命系统结构层次相同X来力部可安烧。家寒师漆1卡C.两种生物的细胞中都具有生物膜系统D.两种生物的细胞膜都含有磷脂、蛋白质和胆固醇6.过氧化物酶体是普遍存在于真核生物各类细胞中的细胞器，其内部的主要酶类是过氧化氢是酶，对细胞起保护作用。研究发现，过氧化物酶体可由内质网出芽生成，从细胞质溶液中摄取特异蛋白质及脂质促进过氧化物酶体生长，过氧化物酶体也可分裂形成多个过氧化物酶赫体。下列推测不合勇的是入出A.过氧化物酶体是具有单层膜的结构下B.过氧化物酶体可调节细胞的氧气水C.过氧化物酶体通过主动运输摄取细胞质中的蛋白质D.过氧化物酶体中存在调节其分裂的蛋白质右图表示用洋葱鳞茎叶内表皮细胞、红色色素（水溶性大分子物质）、适宜浓度的蔗糖溶液清水等做质壁分离及复原实验时，依据视野中观察到的一个细胞所画的模式图。下列叙述般在确的是A.④处的颜色先变深，然后随质壁分离复原而恢复原状联学心尘富叙B.该细胞可能正发生质壁分离，也可能正在质壁分离复原迎卧密股合4(C☑②和③及其之间的胞液构成原生质层，具有选择透过性D质壁分离复原以后，细胞吸水膨胀导致①会明显变薄8.母乳中gG体与新生儿小肠上皮细胞膜上的IgG受体结合，细胞膜向内凹陷，形成包裹着gG的囊泡，从而吸收IgG,而成年人并不能以这种方式吸收口服的gG。下列关于物质进出细胞的叙述歪确的是A.gG通过受体以协助扩散的方式进人新生儿小肠上皮细胞B.新生儿小肠上皮细胞主要以胞吞方式吸收食物中的蛋白质C成年人不能吸收口服的IgG说明小肠上皮细胞会进行更新D.人体内一些细胞要依靠主动运输来吸收水和葡萄糖等分子四基长歌刚干8生物（老教材版）试题第2页（共8页）

适量盐酸CaCl2萃取剂三辛胺、CO2磷酸锂渣→低酸转化磷锂分离萃取除杂沉淀·高纯Li2C03钙渣Ca3(PO4)2等]①“低酸转化”使Li3PO4转化为Li2HPO4。写出“磷锂分离”的化学方程式：▲。②已知：三辛胺N(C8H173]是一种有机碱，难溶于水。向“萃取”后的溶液中加入三辛胺再通入CO2得到Li2CO3沉淀，加入三辛胺的目的是▲。(5)已知：Li2CO3微溶于水；LiFePO4、FePO4难溶于水和碱，可溶于盐酸生成LiCl、FeC2、FeCl3和HPO4;pH>3.2时，Fe3沉淀完全。完善由某废旧电极材料制取Li2CO3的实验方案：边搅拌边向废旧电极材料中加入NaOH溶液至不再产生气泡，过滤，▲，过滤、洗涤，低温干燥得L2CO3固体。（实验中须使用的试剂有：双氧水、盐酸、NaOH溶液、Na2CO3溶液)17.(15分)工业上用铁泥制取黄铵铁矾[NH4)F3(SO4)2(OH6]并用于处理含有机染料的废水。I.制备黄铵铁矾用含氧化铁57.4%的铁泥制备黄铵铁矾的实验流程如下：稀硫酸(NHSO铁泥→酸浸→过滤1→热合成→过滤2→黄铵铁矾滤渣1滤液2()实验中须对“过滤1”所得滤液中的含铁量进行测定，其目的是▲。(2)写出“热合成”发生反应的化学方程式：▲。(3)上述流程中可以循环利用的物质是▲（写化学式）：Ⅱ.用黄铵铁矾处理含有机染料（用MB表示）的废水黄铵铁矾表面具有丰富的羟基基团，可催化H2O2氧化去除废水中的有机染料，该过程可能的机理如题17图-1所示。H·OH③1H…MB00H+MB·OH十C02等Fe②Fe.0H(a)题17图-1(b)(4)从电负性的角度分析题17图-l()中第②步铁元素化合价的变化及原因：(⑤)在用黄铁铵矾处理废水中MB的过程中，可观察到100反应前期废水变澄清，黄铁铵矾表面附着一层MB,99H然后逐渐消失。黄铵铁矾去除废水中有机染料（用98MB表示)可能的机理可描述成：▲。(6)己知：·OH不稳定，易与含氧酸根离子反应生成pH=3.0+pH=4.3◆pH=5.6OH。在温度、H2O2用量都相同的情况下，测得95pH=7.0废水的pH对MB去除率的影响如题17图-2所示，9402040680pH=7时MB去除率明显降低，可能的原因是▲。时间/min题17图-2决胜新高考—2023届高三年级大联考（化学)第6页共6页

arand helps)ougetnslepand wake time可知，空格处的内容应该和睡眼质量”有关。比较选项可知，C项符合。的人30E他们T解析】根据小标题Giveyoumre time toeat breakfst"和下文的~After all,food is he fuel51tenergetic and readyto face heword,"可知，空格处的内容应该和-吃早餐”有【时大。比较选项可知，E项符合。40.B52【解析】根据下文的内容可知，空格处的内容应该和~早起锻炼"有关。比较选项可知，B项符【0furt合53第三部分语言知识运用第一节谢【篇藏导读】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述舞蹈老师谢帕德一生的故事，她尽管小时侯耳朵变兼、四十多岁时眼晴开始失明，但她依旧坚持舞蹈教学。5441.B【解析】根据下文的since she beeame partiy deaf as a child可知，当谢帕德(Sheppard)还是小时，她的听觉出现问题，这给她的人生带来许多痛苦。比较选项可知，B项符合。542.D【等析】根据上文的内容可知，听力障碍给谢帕德带来不便，几十年的经历让她变得坚强。uge意为“斗争，努力，搏斗”，这里表示“与自己的身体残疾抗争”。43.A【解析】根据下文的I've been faced with so many healthy problems.”可知，从小时候起，谢帕德面临着健康问题，她认为这是命运给她的不公。所以答案选A项。44.C【解析】根据第一段的When Sheppard began to go blind in her40s可知，医生告诉谢帕德她将失明。所以答案选C项。45.C【解析】根据上文的“she was so scared'可知，在听到诊断结果后，谢帕德非常害怕，她很少出门（不敢见人）。rarely意为“很不地，极少地”，符合语境。46.D【解析】根据下文的She wondered constantly,What if people47 me differently?”,再结合谢帕德是舞蹈爱好者，她担心自己的变化会留下不好的印象。比较选项可知，D项符合。47.B【解析】根据上文的内容可知，谢帕德经常担心别人会对她另眼相看。treat sb.dif能erently意为“区别对待”。48.D【解析】根据上文的内容可知，谢帕德在家呆了几个月之后，心态发生了变化，她想向别人展示自己的舞蹈对别人依旧很重要。比较选项可知，D项符合。49.A【解析】根据第二段的But she was s0 scared that she43 left her apariment,.”可知，谕帕德强迫自己走出门。0out意为“出去，外出，符合语境：get off意为“下车”：take up意为“从事，拿起”；put down意为“放下，镇压”。50.C【解析】根据上文的they all sastill"可知，在那次晚会上，谢帕德吃惊地发现那些视力有问题英语参考答案第3页（共8页）

only a few geniuses.You haven't any time?That's good,because it's always the people with no time who get thingsdone.Harriet Stowe,mother of six,wrote parts of Uncle Tom's Cabin while cooking.You're too old?Remember thatThomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel,and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures whenshe was 78.However you start,remember there is no better time to start than right now,for you'll never be more alive thanyou are at this moment.32.In writing Paragraph 1,the author aims toA.propose a definitionB.make a comparisonC.reach a conclusionD.present an argument33.What does the example of Galileo tell us?A.Trial and error leads to the finding of truth.B.Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious.C.Creativity results from challenging authority.D.Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore.34.What can we learn from Paragraphs 6 and 7?A.Gaining success helps you become an expert.B.The genius tends to get things donecreativelyC.Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking no action.D.You should remain modest when approaching perfection.35.What could be the best title for the passage?A.Curious Minds Never Feel ContentedB.Reflections on Human NatureC.The Keys to AchievementD.Never Too Late to Learn第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。People spend too much time and effort trying to control anxiety these days.Here are some things you can do tohelp minimize anxiety's negative effects.36 If you treat anxiety as part of life and part of everyone's liv ing experience,you can learn to relate it withself-compassion and even with humor.This is acornerstone of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT),whichhas been gaining clinical validation.ACT guides people to see their unpleasant emotions as just feelings and accept that parts of life are hard.Doctors encourage patients to begin a dialogue with anxious thoughts.37 Meanwhile,they also keep in mindpatients'personal goals and values.Although anxious thoughts shouldn't be completely controlled,sufferers can betrained not to allow anxiety to turn them away from what they want to do and who they want to be.Make lifestyle adjustments.38 This requires trial and error to get just right.While acceptance is the firstand most important step,some lifestyle changes have been proved to take the edge off as well.Work out regularly.When tiredness and stress leave you more exposed to anxiety,a well-balanced diet andadequate rest are helpful.39 One research study shows that regular vigorous workouts reduce the likelihood ofdeveloping an anxiety disorder over the next five years by 25 percent.As a specialist,Arthur also shares her experiences on the website,openly discussing her anxiety has transformedher relationship with it."I'm learning to live in harmony,as much as possible,with this thing that is part of me,"shesays."It's not always pleasant,but I accept it.40"A.Accept it.B.Develop a sense of humor.C.I may be more anxious in the future.D.To some extent,I can take care of my anxiety.E.Above all,exercise can help you manage it better.

14.Why is the woman glad?(受乙红会能，食2」琴小非匹吊2」点)冒二丽A.Her sight is better than before.圆风小个A毫司白瓯哥饮，白世图g2面可mB.She needn't wear glasses any more.丽小进，烈小个含海圆间倾成张谢，白收以丽可商粤C.Nothing more serious happens to her.庭资日硬必量比得粉。向帽恩小个两「蒙踪ǜ聚容国厨以一面而酒15.What does the man advise the woman to do?9mo由bo用的s由3oo山8 n ar bib ulW.dA.Take off her glasses.92海139adi10月AB.Use computers less.3b60a五iC.Do eye exams regularly.osby ol ali m016.What is the woman's attitude towards wearing glasses?全5 ad lliw Ho恒woHA.Positive.B.Negative.C.Ambiguous.elloballoh OI.A听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。:烈小个两餐原公蛋害国封成面测I7.What's“Interesting Culture'”?8罗达msh的d0BdW8A.A radio programdB.school lecturesocial organization18.Where does a person sing songs in western karaoke?1 oods roitsroti9t由BssT7、eA.At a table.B.On a stage.C.In a room.19.Who usually controls the songs in western karaoke?d相l国al.A.The singer.B.The audience.C.TheD山a020.How does a singer choose songs in China's karaoke?翻小个三巢至1常容回，荐战一面丁限A.By writing on a paper.id-T s'asmow a o bonacrad e'tadW.0)B.By selecting on a screen..2 nig aomo3d1月slama semonad .AC.By turning to the DJ.b过n09由如Bwws动9ob7.了第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）oit9nma相adlo牙，A第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）》nie-a市ms9lo-自8阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。5A山aw9 dqidenoisl5lddc啊sdiW.CSome emerging technologies to watch in 2022.sovolqms bn Beo8.AFlying electric taxis30 abue bnn ot3期5T,aLong seen as something of a fantasy,flying taxis are getting serious.Several firms around theworld will step up test flights in 2022 with the aim of getting their aircraft certified for commercialuse in the following year or two.Joby Aviation,based in California,plans to build more than adozefitfive-seat vehicles,which have a 150-mile range.Volocopter of Germany aims to provide an英语试题)第3页（共12页）

So,we wanted to copy theses the problem with the existing grippers?A.They are weak.ew soft gripper was an improvement onC.They have limited applications.B.They are big and heavy.antages that limited their application.D.They work differently from human hands.本报采编中心(听力材料及参考答案见下期)M:I know what you mean.I do this same journeyevery month when I visit my family.They live aM:OK,sounds good.long way from the capital.It's just so much(Text 9)on the opposite side,you'll find the theater.Betweeneasier than any other form of transport.W:That's absolutely true.W:Today,I'm talking to David Watts,who is theleader of Youth Expeditions.the gym and the theater lies the recreation room.Youcan get access to the Internet zone through the gym.(Text 7)M:Hello.We organize expeditions to differentThe zone is also connected to the meeting room.M:Mary,I'm busy with the product brochure.So参考答案could you do me a favor?There's a case reportplaces about three or four times a year.Theyinclude the weeklong summer expeditions to the1-5 CBBAA6-10ABCBA11-15 CBCACon my desk,and I need you to deliver it to theArctic16-20ABACC21-25 DBCCDW:Tell us about your most recent expedition.31-35ABACD26-30 ADACDsales department.It's in a blue envelope.36-40 EGFCAW:A blue envelope...Well,there are two blueM:This June,a group of students went to the Arctic46-50 BABCC41-45 DADBC51-55 DABAD61.reaching56-60ACDBDenvelopes on your desk.Ocean with a group of scientists.They took part62.locatedM:Ah,right.There should be a red stamp in thein a series of scientific studies,investigating64.degrees63.greatest65.whoupper right corner of the envelope.The other oneglaciers,rivers,plants and so on.67.than66.expressed68.it69.importanceshould have a green stamp,but it's the staffW:You also run competitions.70.rapidlyguide we need to hand out to new employeesM:That's right.For this year's competition,young短文改错W:The one with the red stamp...OK,got it.explorers will live in tents and snow caves and71....bought two ticket...ticket-ticketsM:Great.Please make sure you give it to the saleswill learn how to-survive in the extreme cold.72....to seeing aThere will also be opportunities for cross-countryseeing→seerepresentative directly.You know him,right?skiing.73....had hard time...hard前加aW:Yes,we've met several times.74.W:So how can people enter the competition?what would pay...75.Then I notice...what→who/thatM:Good.And after that,could you deliver the othernotice→noticedenvelope to the HR manager?M:They should make a short film that gives76....because of he去掉ofW:Sure thing.information about why they are interested ingoing tc the Arctic,and what they hope to get out77.Unfortunate,he had(Text 8)of the experience.78....give it to them...Unfortunate-UnfortunatelyW:We have to have a meeting about our next groupW:It sounds like an excellent opportunity.I wish ourthem→himpresentation.listeners luck with that.79....was both amazing...amazing-amazedM:Right.We both come to school on Wednesday(Text 10)80....act of kind...kind→kindnessand Thursday.How about Thursday afternoon?This is a great day for myself and the other书面表达W:On Thursday,I have lectures until 4 pm.I cancommittee members.I'm delighted to announce thatOne possible version:make it after my economics class,but then I havethe community center has finally received approvalGood morning,everyone.to be at work at 5 o'clock.So I'll only beto be built.Our hard work and effort have finallyThere's a lot of waste on our campus.Foravailable for an hour.paid off.It's been a long and difficult journey to beexample,the lights in the classrooms are left on evenM:That sounds a bit too short.Howhere.Our funding request was refused by the localin the daytime and the water remains running afteraboutWednesday then?companies.Even the local charities turned a deaf earsome students wash their hands.It is high time weW:I have modern history at 9 am,then internationalto us.In the end,we had no choice but to attempt torealized its harm.Natural resources are limited andlaw at 3 pm,so I'm free in between.raise the money ourselves,so we turned to thesome day they will be exhausted.Waste places aM:I have Asian history at 2,then a part-time job inpeople of the local community for their supportheavy burden on our Earth.It is everyone's duty tothe evening.What about meeting early in theThey were brilliant and we raised E250,000.We stillfight against waste.We should start making an effort.morning and talking before your first class?had a long way to go,though.Surprisingly,weSurely,with everyone doing his bit,this poorHmm,I'm not a morning person.Why don't wereceived the money from a very unlikely source-asituation will be changed soon!meet on Thursday evening and I will reschedulelarge foreign firm.How fantastic!Now,I'll describeThank you for your listening!my job for another day?the plan for the new community center.As you walk选做题参考答案through the entrance,on the east side is the gym;and1-4 BDCC

2022一2023学年第二学期三市联合期末检测高二化学满分：100分考试时间：75分钟注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清晰。3.请按题号顺序在各题答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效：在草稿纸，试题卷上答题无效。4.保持答题卡卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。5.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1C-120-16S-32Cu-64Cd-112一、单项选择题：本题共9小题，每小题3分，共27分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。1.安徽省历史文化悠久。下列四种安徽历史文化宝藏主要成分是由有机物构成的是选项BCD文化宝藏名称徽派木雕影青釉莲瓣纹注子注碗铸客大鼎金扣玛瑙碗2.化学与科学、社会、历史密切相关，下列叙述错误的是A.敦煌壁画的颜料之一云母为聚硅酸盐，其阴离子以硅氧四面体为结构单元构成时行B.用纳米技术催化CO,合成可降解塑料聚碳酸酯，可实现“碳”的循环利用C.纳米铁粉可以高效地吸附去除污水中的P%2·、Cu2·、Hg2·等重金属离子D.“垃圾分类”将易腐垃圾转化成热值较高的可燃性气体，属于生物质能热化学转换3.下列图示或化学用语表达正确的是00A甲醛的电子式为H:C:HB.1,1-二氯乙烷的键线式：C.NaCl的晶胞：Na'山0火量的合o Cl0H5.t下80人回D.乙烯分子中π键的电子云图形高二化学第1页（共8页）

当代中学生(CN36-0059)投稿信箱：yingyu@jyy.comteach you how to make it.What my grandfather is goodat is making kites.When you come here,he will takeyou to the fields to experience the joy of flying kites andmaking kites.My aunt who is famous for her skill ofpaper-cutting hopes this skill can spread to the world,soshe will teach you the paper-cutting skill.At last.I willarrange the visit to the Great Wall and the SummerPalace for you.I'm looking forward to your comingYours,Li Hua

学生用入书名师导学·选择性考试第一轮总复·化学考点集训（十八）原电池化学电源4.(教材改编)下列叙述中，不正确的是[A组]A.一次电池是放电后不可充电再生的电池一、选择题（每小题只有一个选项符合题意）B.常见的锌锰干电池、锌锰纽扣电池是一次1.(2022·西安模拟)下列装置中，都伴随有能电池量变化，其中是由化学能转变为电能的是C.二次电池放电后可以再充电而反复使用氢气00氧气涡轮机发电机D.燃料电池（如氢氧燃料电池）使用过程中，可不断补充燃料反复使用，因此是二次电池一电源户A.电解水B水力发电5.(2022·成都模拟)直接煤-空气燃料电池原理如图所示，下列说法错误的是电池固态碳●碳酸盐。电极X氧化物电解质C.太阳能热水器D.千电池电极Y电能2.下列有关原电池的说法正确的是02A.在内电路中，电子由正极流向负极A.随着反应的进行，氧化物电解质的量不断B.在原电池中，相对较活泼的金属作负极，减少不活泼的金属作正极B.负极的总电极反应为C+2O2-一4e一C.原电池工作时，可能会伴随着热能变化C02个D.原电池工作时，正极表面一定有气泡产生C.电极X为负极，O2-向X极迁移3.有关电化学知识的描述正确的是D.直接煤-空气燃料电池的能量效率比煤燃A.CaO+H2O=Ca(OH)2,可以放出大量烧发电的能量效率高的热，故可把该反应设计成原电池，把其6.(2022·湖南卷)海水电池在海洋能源领域中的化学能转化为电能备受关注，一种锂一海水电池构造示意图如B.某原电池反应为Cu十2AgNO下。下列说法错误的是Cu(NO3)2+2Ag,装置中的盐桥中可以M用电器是装有含琼胶的KCI饱和溶液NC.原电池的两极一定是由活动性不同的两海种金属组成水电极D.从理论上讲，任何能自发进行的氧化还原隔膜玻璃陶瓷反应都可设计成原电池456

underwear,gym clothes and everything else until they can't take the smell anymore,and thenthey abandon them.But NASA wants to stop filling dirty laundry into bins aboard the International Space Sta-tion (ISS),intended to burn up in the atmosphere aboard abandoned cargo (ships,thereby throwing away tonnes of clothing every year.NASA is now figuring out how to bestclean astronauts'clothes in space so they can be reused for months or even years,just like onEarth.Rocket cargo space is tight and expensive,according to NASA,so why waste it on newoutfits if astronautic clothing could be kept looking and smelling fresh?When you figure anastronaut needs approximately 68kilograms of clothes in space per year,that quickly adds up,espe密cially on a three-year Mars task,said Mark Sivik,a chemist specialising in home care technology.Space station astronauts exercise two hours every day to counter the muscle-and bone withering(effects of weightlessness,quickly leaving their workout clothes sweaty,smelly and stiff.Their T-shirts,shorts and socks end up so awful and rigid that they run through a pair every week,架according to Leland Melvin,a former NASA astronaut and NFL player.While NASA and the otherspace station partners have looked into special clothes to prolong wear,it's not a long-term solution.In the initial experiment,cleansers custom-made for space will be tested so scientists can封see how the enzymes (and other chemicals react to six months of weightlessness.NextMay,stain-removal pens and wipes will be delivered for testing by astronauts.At the same数time,a washer-dryer is being tested that could operate on the Moon or even Mars,using mini-mal amounts of water and cleaner.One long-lasting design challenge aboard the ISS is that any water used in the planneddirty laundry drive needs to be reprocessed for drinking and cooking.Urine (the waste liquid ofthe body)and sweat are already recycled,because in space every drop of water really counts.线32.What does the author indicate in paragraph 2?A.The ways to recycle laundry in space.B.The amount of waste from ISS every year.C.The necessity of dealing with laundry in space.D.The inconvenience of astronauts living in ISS.33.What does the underlined word "stiff"probably mean in paragraph 3?A.Inflexible.B.Dangerous.C.Shapeless.D.Wearable.34.What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A.Space experiments in different chemicals.B.New possible ways to do cleaning in space.7《《【23新高考·JD·英语-QG】

1项正确；CIO2易溶于水，显然不能用饱和食盐水除杂，C项错误625X5第四章铁金属材料第8讲铁及其化合物77X2微考点·大突破≈2.63，D项正确。微考点1微真题·大揭秘知识微回扣1.D解析浓盐酸易挥发，制备的氯气中含有HCl,可用饱和食盐水除去:1.银白磁铁HC1,C2可用浓硫酸千燥，A装置能达到实验目的，故A项不符合题意；2.(1)十2十3（2)还原①Fe,0,·xH,03Fe+20,点槛Fe,0,氯气的密度比空气的大，用向上排空气法收集，B装置能收集氯气，故2Fe+3CL,点燃2FeCL,Fe+S△FeSB项不符合题意；湿润的红布条褪色，干燥的红色布条不褪色，可验证干燥的氯气不具有漂白性，故C项不符合题意；氯气在水中的溶解度较小，②3Fe十4H,0(g)商温Fe,0,十4H,应用NaOH溶液吸收尾气，D装置不能达到实验目的，故D项符合题意。③Fe+2Ht-Fe2++H2↑2.答案(1)Mn02+4HC1(浓)△MnCL,+CL,++2H,03Fe+8H++2NO?-3Fe2++2N0↑+4H,0(2)c→d→b→a→eFe+4H++NO?—Fe3++NO个+2H20钝化(3)HCIO取少量溶液于试管中，加入过量稀硝酸，再加入少量AgNO3@a.Fe+Cu2+-Fe2++Cu b.Fe+2Fe+=3Fe2溶液，若有白色沉淀生成，则证明原溶液中含有C3.(3)@Fe,0,+3C0商温2Fe十3C0,解析(1)实验室通常采用浓盐酸和MnO2制取Cl2,化学方程式为冬微诊断MnO,十4HC1(浓)△MnCL,+Cl,个+2H,0。(2)根据化学方程式可1.X提示：不论氧气是否过量均生成Fe3O4。知，制取的氯气中混有氯化氢、水蒸气，氯气有毒，必须进行尾气处理，因2.X提示：过量的铁会与Fe3+反应最终生成Fe2此使用饱和食盐水吸收氯化氢气体，浓硫酸除去水蒸气，最后用NaOH溶3.×提示：不论Fe是否过量，与氯气反应均生成FeCl3,Fe只有在溶液中液吸收尾气，因此接口连接顺序为cd→b→a→e。(3)久置后不能使品才与Fe3+反应。红溶液褪色，说明HCIO已分解；检验CI一的方法为向溶液中加入过量稀:4.×提示：常温下铁在浓硝酸中发生钝化。硝酸，防止溶液中含有CO?、HCO?等，再加入少量AgNO3溶液，若有:教材实验微回放白色沉淀生成，则证明原溶液中含有C1。答案(1)为B中的反应提供水蒸气(2)3Fe十4H,O(g)商温Fe,0,十3.答案(1)衡气压，使浓盐酸顺利滴下NaOH溶液4H2(3)防止铁粉在加热条件下被装置中的空气氧化(4)黑色氧化铜Ca(ClO)2+4HCl(浓)=CaCl2+2Cl2↑+2H20恋T无水硫酸铜变蓝(5)11.6(2)在装置A、B之间加装盛有饱和食盐水的洗气瓶解析(I)A为水蒸气的产生装置，为B中的反应提供水蒸气。(2)B中(3)酸式C发生铁与水蒸气的反应：3Fe十4H,0(g)高温Fe,0,+4H。(3)加热时铁解析(1)装置A为恒压分液漏斗，它的作用是衡气压，使浓盐酸顺利能与氧气反应，故实验中应先点燃酒精灯a,再点燃酒精喷灯。(4)E中的滴下，C的作用是吸收反应不完的Cl2,可用NaOH溶液吸收，Ca(ClO)2CuO被H2还原为Cu,同时产生水，则E中可观察到黑色氧化铜变红，F和浓盐酸在A中发生归中反应产生Cl2,反应的化学方程式为Ca(C1O)。中无水硫酸铜遇水变蓝。(5)16.8gFe粉与水蒸气反应后得到固体20.0+4HCl(浓)—CaCl2+2Cl2个十2H2O。(2)锰酸钾在浓强碱溶液中可g,可使用差量法计算生成氧化物(Fe3O4)的质量。设实验后的固体物质稳定存在，碱性减弱时易发生反应3MnO?十2H2O一2MnO4+MnO2↓中氧化物的质量为x,则：十4OH,一部分MnO?转化为了MnO2,导致最终KMnO4的产率降3Fe+4H,0(g高温e,0,+4H,△m低，而浓盐酸易挥发，直接导致B中NaOH溶液的浓度减小，故改进措施56×323264是在装置A、B之间加装盛有饱和食盐水的洗气瓶吸收挥发出来的HCl20.0g-16.8g(3)高锰酸钾有强氧化性，强氧化性溶液加入酸式滴定管，滴定管的“0”刻232度在上，规格为50.00mL的滴定管中溶液的实际的体积大于(50.00一64=20.0g-16.8gx=11.6g.题组微演练15.00)mL,即大于35.00mL：1.D解析A项中铁片在浓硝酸中钝化，金属片质量不会减少；B项中铁4.答案(1)饱和NaC1溶液与Cu(NO3)2溶液发生置换反应，金属片质量增加；C项中有气体产生。(2)2Mn(OH)2+O2-2MnO2+2H2O2.D解析当此混合物反应完全后，加入足量的盐酸时，如果铁过量，(3)Mn2+的还原性随溶液碱性的增强而增强1mol铁对应1mol氢气，如果硫黄过量，硫化亚铁与盐酸反应，1mol硫(4)1Cl2 +2NaOH=NaCl+NaC1O+H,O化亚铁对应1mol硫化氢气体，故5.6g铁反应，对应的气体为2.24L(标②4Mn0:+4OH--4MnO-+O2↑+2H20Cl2准状况下)，但是实际产生的气体体积偏小，可能原因是部分F被空气中33C1O-+2MnO,+20H-2MnO,+3CI+H2 O的氧气氧化了。④过量Cl2与NaOH反应产生NaCIO,使溶液的碱性减弱，c(OH-)降3.C解析由于铁的物质的量56g·m0=0.4m0l,所以在反应的过22.4g低，溶液中的MnO:被还原为MnO?的速率减小，因而实验Ⅲ未得到绿程中它失去的电子物质的量应介于0.8mol(此时只产生Fe2+)和色溶液1.2mol(此时只产生Fe3+)之间，由于产生0.3 mol NO2和0.2 mol NO,解析在装置A中HCl与KMnO4发生反应制取Cl2,由于盐酸具有挥发即反应过程中硝酸得到的电子的物质的量为0.3mol×(5一4)十0.2mol性，为排除HCl对Cl2性质的千扰，在装置B中盛有饱和NaCl溶液，除去X(5一2)=0.9mol,所以对应的产物既有Fe(NO3)3又有Fe(NO3)2,设CL,中的杂质HCI,在装置C中通过改变溶液的pH,验证不同条件下Cl2前者的物质的量为x,后者的物质的量为y,则由铁原子守恒可得x十y=与MnSO,反应，装置D是尾气处理装置，目的是除去多余Cl2,防止造成0.4,由得失电子守恒得3x+2y=0.9mol,解得x=0.1mol,y=0.3mol。大气污染。(1)B中试剂是饱和NaCl溶液，作用是吸收Cl2中的杂质HCl:4.A解析满足条件的反应为气体。(2)通入Cl2前，Ⅱ、Ⅲ中Mn2+与碱性溶液中NaOH电离产生的Fe+4HNO3(稀)-Fe(NO3)3+NO↑+2H2O①3Fe+8HNO3(稀)-3Fe(NO3)2+2N0↑+4H2O②OH反应产生M(OH)2白色沉淀，该沉淀不稳定，会被溶解在溶液中满足方程①的a:b=(4×63)：56=9：2,的氧气氧化为棕黑色MnO2,则沉淀由白色变为黑色的化学方程式为满足方程②的a:b=(8×63):(3×56)=3:1。2Mn(OH)2+O2一2MnO2+2H2O。(3)对比实验I、Ⅱ通入Cl2后的介于方程①②之间即3≤-≤4.5的都行。A项不可能。实验现象，对于二价锰化合物还原性的认识是：M2+的还原性随溶液碱性的增强而增强。(4)①Cl2与NaOH反应产生NaCl、NaClO、H2O,使溶O微考点2…液碱性减弱，反应的化学方程式为Cl2+2NaOH一NaCI+NaClO+知识微回扣1.铁红磁性氧化铁黑色粉末红棕色粉末黑色晶体FO十2H+一H2O。②取Ⅲ中放置后的1mL悬浊液，加入4mL40%NaOH溶液，溶液紫色迅速变为绿色，且绿色缓慢加深。溶液紫色变为绿色就是由于在Fe2++H,0Fe,0,+6Ht—2Fe3++3H,0Fe0,+8Ht-Fe2++2Fe3++4H,0浓碱条件下，MnO:可被OH还原为MnO,根据电子守恒、电荷守恒及原子守恒，可知该反应的离子方程式为4MnO,+4OH一4MnO2.白色固体红褐色固体Fe(OH)2十2H+一Fe2++2H2O十O2个十2H2O。溶液绿色缓慢加深，原因是MnO2被Cl2氧化，可证明Fe(OHDg+3H+一Fe++3H,02Fe(OH,△Fe,0,+3H,0Ⅲ的悬浊液中氧化剂过量。③取Ⅱ中放置后的1mL悬浊液，加入4mLFe2++20H-Fe(OH)2↓Fe3++3OH—Fe(OH)3↓白色沉水，溶液碱性减弱，溶液紫色缓慢加深，说明ClO一将MnO2氧化为淀灰绿色红褐4Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O一4Fe(OH)3MnO:,发生的反应是3C10+2MmO2+20H—2MnO:+3CI+:华微诊断H2O。④从反应速率的角度，过量Cl2与NaOH反应产生NaClO,使溶液：1.X提示：因为Fe2O3是红棕色，所以Fe2O3可用作红色油漆和涂料。的碱性减弱，c(OH)降低，溶液中的MnO:被还原为MnO?的速率减2.√提示：C0还原FezO3可以得到Fe单质，Fe单质会与Fe,O,和盐酸小，导致实验Ⅲ未得到绿色溶液。反应生成的Fe3+反应，所以无法判断黑色固体中是否含有Fe3O4。·14·赢在微点高考复顶层设计化学

如图所示：Ⅲ.砷酸(H3AsO4)在酸性条件下有强氧化性，能被尾气处理过量氯气母液→综合利用SO2、氢碘酸等还原离心中和反应预反应→氯化分离过速系列操作产(1)As2S3中砷元素的化合价为价。(2)“沉砷”过程中FeS是否可以用过量的Na2S替换氯气一→增压(填“是”或“否”)；请从衡移动的角度已知：①在水中的溶解性：(CNO)3Na>[(CNO),C2]Na>解释原因：(CNO)3Cl3②若“氯化”不充分，会产生[(CNO)3Cl2]Na(二氯异(3)向滤液Ⅱ中通入氧气进行“氧化脱硫”，请写出脱氰尿酸钠)。硫的离子反应方程式③有关物质的相对分子质量：(CNO)3H3129,(CNO)3Cl3232.5,[(CNO)3Cl2]Na220。回答下列问题：(4)用SO2“还原”过程中，若需检验还原后溶液中是(1)“中和反应”阶段，烧碱稍过量的目的是否仍存在砷酸。则还需要的实验试剂有(2)“预反应”的目的为(5)已知：常温下，pH>7.1时，吸附剂表面带负电，(3)在工艺流程中，为了提高三氯异氰尿酸的产率，采pH越大，吸附剂表面带的负电荷越多；pH<7.1取的措施有时，吸附剂表面带正电，pH越小，吸附剂表面带的(4)在“氯化”阶段，氯气和异氰尿酸三钠反应生成三正电荷越多。氯异氰尿酸，反应的化学方程式为H,AsO.HAsO,该反应剧烈，必须控制反应温度不超过20℃，则最好将反应釜置分于中。H,AsOA80(5)“离心分离”的目的为61012(6)“尾气处理”可选择的吸收液为(填标号)。PHA.NaOH溶液B.FeCl3溶液五价砷在水溶液中的存在形式与溶液pH的关系C.Na2SO3溶液D.饱和NaCl溶液60300(7)起始加入258kg异氰尿酸，若原料利用率为98%，250200最终获得453.25kg(CNO)3Cl和[(CNO)3C2]Na150的混合物，则异氰尿酸生成(CNO)3Cl3的收率为10050已知：收率表示进人反应器的原料与生成目标产37911物所消耗的原料之间的数量关系，即收率=吸附剂对五价砷的衡吸附量随溶液H的变化关系生成目标产物的原料量×100%。当溶液pH介于7~9，吸附剂对五价砷的衡吸原料进料量附量随pH的升高而下降，试分析其原因4.砷的化合物可用于半导体领域，如我国“天宫”空间站的核心舱“天和号”就是采用砷化傢薄膜电池来供电。一种从酸性高浓度含砷废水[砷主要以亚砷酸(HAsO)形(6)含砷废水也可采用另一种化学沉降法处理：向废式存在]中回收砷的工艺流程如下：水中先加入适量氧化剂，再加入生石灰调节pH,As,0,还原H,As0,将砷元素转化为Cag(AsO4)2沉淀。若沉降后上酸化FeS层清液中c(Ca2+)为2×10-3mol/L,则溶液中含一速液卫餐聚NAO砷c(AsO)的浓度为mol/L。该处理后水滤渣滤液1①事化排放达标的溶液是否符合国家排放标准(填②吸附剂“是”或“否”)。（已知：Kp[Ca3（AsO4)2]=8X已知：1019,国家规定工业废水排放中砷元素含量

四阅读(C)52.Eric will go tonext month.四阅读(D)57.The word "dry"means"inA.ChinaChinese.暴B.EnglandA.寒冷的C.AmericaB.吵闹的D.CanadaC.拥挤的D.干燥的Q度四四阅读理解(A)53.Theis on the second floor.读(B)58.Jenny's favorite animal is theA.activity roomB.bathroomA.pandaB.monkeyC.studyD.kitchenC.giraffeD.lion四四阅读(A)54.Eric usuallyin the park.A.does sports读(C)59.Mary thinks giraffes areA.scaryB.funnyB.plays gamesC.beautifulD.smartC.reads booksD.draws pictures⑧四四阅读理解(D)55.What can't we see near the house?阅读理(C)60.What can we know from the reading?A.Jenny will go out by bus.CLOTHESJPERMARKETB.Linda doesn't like pandas.C.Linda will be the last one to get to theplace.D.Mary wants to take photos with themonkeys.⑧四四c阅D阅读理解(A)56.Linda wants to go to the(C)61.Jerry's mother doesn't want Jerry toA.z00B.storeC.schoolD.library理解A.visit his friendsB.be late for schoolC.eat too much candyD.move to the candy house10

14.(除标注外，每空2分，共15分)【答案】(1)CH+C,光，CH,Cl+HClHH:C:CI:父(2)CHCL(1分)(3)CH2=CH2(4)碳碳双键、羧基（2分，写对一个得1分)(5)加成反应（或还原反应）(1分)加聚反应（或聚合反应）(1分)(6)①CH,0H+CH,CH,C0OH浓疏酸CH,CH,CO0CH,+H,0②CH2=CHCOOH+Br2→CH,Br-CHBrCOOH【解析】(1)甲烷与氯气在光照条件发生取代反应机理为CH4分子中的H被氯原子取代，生成一氯甲烷的反应方程式为：CH+C,光CH,C+HCl,一氯甲烷的电子式为H:C:。H(2)甲烷与氯气反应产生的三氯甲烷又叫氯仿，它与CC4均为重要的有机溶剂。(3)乙烯的产量可用来衡量一个国家石油化工发展水，其结构简式为CH2=CH2。(4)CH2=CHCOOH分子中官能团为碳碳双键和羧基。(5)F→E为CH2=CHCOOHCH3与H2反应生成CHCH,COOCH3,反应类型为加成反应（或还原反应)；F→G为CH=CHCOOHCH3在催化剂作用发生加聚反应生成高分子化合物。(6)①C+D→E为甲醇与丙酸在浓硫酸催化作用下生成丙酸甲酯：CH,CH,C0OH+CH,OH浓统藏CH,CH,C00CH,+H,0;②丙烯酸使溴水褪色是发生加成反应：CH2=CHCOOH+Br,→CH,Br-CHBrCOOH。15.（每空2分，共14分)【答案】（1)增大接触面积，加快酸浸效率（或速率）Si02(2)C(3)1:2(4)(NH4)2S04(5)6Mn(0H)2+02=2Mn304+6H20A【解析】(1)在工业生产中将矿物粉碎是为了增大接触面积，加快反应速率，根据物质的性质，MnC03、FeC03、Al,0,均能溶于硫酸，而Si02为酸性氧化物，不溶于硫酸。(2)过滤操作中用三角漏斗作过滤器，玻璃棒引流，烧杯接收滤液，不需要使用容量瓶。(3)“氧化I”步骤中是利用MnO,氧化Fe2+,便于后续步骤以Fe(OH)3沉淀法方式除去铁元素，发生反应的离子方程式为MnO2+2Fe2++4H+一Mn2++2Fe3++2H,0,氧化剂和还原剂的物质的量之比为1：2。(4)矿物中的MnC03、FeC03、Al203均溶于硫酸，铁、铝元素又以沉淀方式除去，根据元素守恒，母液中的溶质为(NH4)2S04。(5)“氧化Ⅲ”步骤中是空气中的02作氧化剂，则发生反应化学方程式为6Mn(0H)2+02—2Mn04+6H20;因为Mn04与Fe3O4中锰、铁元素的价态相同即呈+2、+3价，故其氧化物可表示为Mn0·Mn,03。16.(每空2分，共14分)【答案】(1)BD(2)①CH4+C0,催化剂2C0+2H2吸热②0.025mol·L1·min1(未写单位扣一分)25%1.25(3)02+4e+2H20=40H高一化学参考答案第3页（共4页）

则99.5n=199,解得n=2,该分子中含有配位键，则气态CuC1分子的结构式可能为(3)反应Cu(s)+Cu2+2C-2CuCI(s)的1c2(Cu*)11K-c(Cu)-cC)cCu×e(Cu')e(CI"K.R9p(CuC1x10×1x10y-10,故该反应进行的程度大小：几乎完全反应：(4)①反应温度控制在60-70℃，目的是若温度太低，则反应速率太慢，若温度太高，则盐酸挥发容易造成CuCl水解：②加入浓盐酸的目的是CuCI溶于浓盐酸并生成[CuC],当加入水时产生CuCI沉淀，防止水解：(5)①在Na2SO3的水溶液中逐滴加入CuCh的水溶液中，再加入少量浓盐酸混匀，倾出清液，抽滤即得CuC1沉淀发生氧化还原反应，反应的离子方程式为：2Cu2*+S0}+2C+H20=2CuC1↓+S0}+2H:②根据加入Na2SO3溶液体积(V)与溶液pH关系图，当Na2SO3溶液体积大于500mL时，Na2SO3过量时会与产生的反应生成NaHSO3,溶液pH增大；③pH<2.5时，pH增大，cH)减小，反应2Cu2+S0+2CI+H,0-2CuC1↓+S0}+2H正向移动，CuC1的产率增大；pH>3.5时，Cu+水解程度明显增大，pH越大，其水解程度越大，CuCl产率越低。

(D)49.What can we learn from the text?(C)55.What did George learn at the end of theA.Dinner is not provided at the centre.story?B.The centre accepts children of all ages.A.Everyone should keep his word.C.The centre provides services for 10 hours aB.It's not easy for the poor to get rich.day.C.Self-confidence is the key to success.D.People can contact Calandra Lee for moreD.We can ask others for help when necessary.information.gc(C)50.Who is the text written for?A.Children who don't do well at school.(B)56.Earlier studies mentioned in the readingB.Children who want to make more friends.mostly talk about how people feel about inC.Parents who are busy with their work.nature.D.Parents who don't get on well with theirA.short momentsB.pleasant weatherchildren.C.long periodsD.terrible weathergB(D)57.What can we learn about the(D)51.How did George feel on the day he firstparticipants in the new study?met the old man?A.They came from different cities.A.Crazy.B.Angry.C.Bored.D.Worried.(A)52.What did George do with the check?B.There were over 25,000 of them.C.They were taken to beautiful places inA.He kept it in his safe.nature.B.He used it to pay off his debts.C.He used it to develop his business.D.They expressed their feelings aboutdifferent pictures.D.He used it to buy things for the old man.ggD)58.Which of the following is the finding of(A)53.Where did George see the old manthe new study?again?A.Getting up early is good for our healthA.In the park.B.In the hospital.B.Taking wonderful photos is a good habit.C.In the nursing home.C.Unexpected moments sometimes happen inD.In George's company.life.D.Short moments in nature can cause astronger sense of "wow".g(B )54.Which of the following is TRUE?A.The old man was a rich man.(C)59.According to Alex Smalley,what couldB.The old man was not John D.Rockefeller.be well worth the effort?C.George stopped working hard after he gotA.Making a good plan for life.the check.B.Taking a walk early in the morning.D.George knew about the old man's illnessC.Sparing some time for sunrise or sunset.from the beginning.D.Getting familiar with everything in natureA

电源优新每份院隔隔膜2a极b极LiOH所甲，信牌相明A阴极反应式为2H,0+2e一0,1+水浓缩海水硫酸人出向这族期于的)尤比动斯电所携3中期食隔膜1为想离子交换酸，%膜2为阴商子交换膜，费·C当电路中转移2ml电子时，理论上生成LiOH的质量为8&，0电解一段时间后，极反应的O,与b极生成的0，等量5“款高压无阳极配置可充电钠电池充电过程的原理示意图如下，下列说法正确的是)直流电源oa bo净来轻唯谢甲场阳传身承丽Na"进鸭特尉无所，者面奥会Na"Na化多好恒不，第常HO不国器极Hg的亚钢划钢，角工，Na'Na娜处女鼠比细斑交3A沸石分子筛膜H0:发血员塘将A.b为正极，电极c上发生氧化反应OH60-到发边划班璃@B用此电池做电解水实验，当消耗水0.9g时，理论上℃极消耗钠2.3g基由自衡，C.放电时，Na+由3A沸石分子筛膜的右侧向左侧迁移摄竹廊五法好低，派海图00D.充电时，电路中每迁移2mol电子，理论上两极质量差46g6.在N羟基邻苯二甲酰亚胺(NHP)介质中可实现醇向醛的电源海绵N石墨CHO转化，原理如图。下列说法错误的是↓)PINOA.理论上NHPI的总量在反应前后不变CH2OHHB.海绵Ni电极作阳极LiC1O,电解质-CH,OH电解CHO+H2个C总反应为D.每消耗1mmol苯甲醇，产生22.4mL氢气7电解合成1,2二氯乙烷的实验装置如图所示。下列说法中不正确的是6直流电源的刻使烟传面贝CICH2CH2CI每确CuCl2NaOH这大种得衡液相反应网中由：不骨巢问卧司-H2O始六容始因置素等民牙CuCl(s)离子交换膜XNaCI离子交换膜YB该装置总反应为CH-CH,+2NaC+2H.O也ClCH.CH.CI+2NaOH+HA,a为电源正极CX,Y依次为阳离子交换膜，阴离子交换膜D液相反应为CHC1+2CuCl,一CCH,CH,C+20CuC8其化学兴想小组的同学用如图所示装置研究有关电化学的向感。当闭合该装置的电健时，现察到电流表的指针发生了偏转。下列说法错误的是31化学测试（十六）第2页（共4页）

电源优新每份院隔隔膜2a极b极LiOH所甲，信牌相明A阴极反应式为2H,0+2e一0,1+水浓缩海水硫酸人出向这族期于的)尤比动斯电所携3中期食隔膜1为想离子交换酸，%膜2为阴商子交换膜，费·C当电路中转移2ml电子时，理论上生成LiOH的质量为8&，0电解一段时间后，极反应的O,与b极生成的0，等量5“款高压无阳极配置可充电钠电池充电过程的原理示意图如下，下列说法正确的是)直流电源oa bo净来轻唯谢甲场阳传身承丽Na"进鸭特尉无所，者面奥会Na"Na化多好恒不，第常HO不国器极Hg的亚钢划钢，角工，Na'Na娜处女鼠比细斑交3A沸石分子筛膜H0:发血员塘将A.b为正极，电极c上发生氧化反应OH60-到发边划班璃@B用此电池做电解水实验，当消耗水0.9g时，理论上℃极消耗钠2.3g基由自衡，C.放电时，Na+由3A沸石分子筛膜的右侧向左侧迁移摄竹廊五法好低，派海图00D.充电时，电路中每迁移2mol电子，理论上两极质量差46g6.在N羟基邻苯二甲酰亚胺(NHP)介质中可实现醇向醛的电源海绵N石墨CHO转化，原理如图。下列说法错误的是↓)PINOA.理论上NHPI的总量在反应前后不变CH2OHHB.海绵Ni电极作阳极LiC1O,电解质-CH,OH电解CHO+H2个C总反应为D.每消耗1mmol苯甲醇，产生22.4mL氢气7电解合成1,2二氯乙烷的实验装置如图所示。下列说法中不正确的是6直流电源的刻使烟传面贝CICH2CH2CI每确CuCl2NaOH这大种得衡液相反应网中由：不骨巢问卧司-H2O始六容始因置素等民牙CuCl(s)离子交换膜XNaCI离子交换膜YB该装置总反应为CH-CH,+2NaC+2H.O也ClCH.CH.CI+2NaOH+HA,a为电源正极CX,Y依次为阳离子交换膜，阴离子交换膜D液相反应为CHC1+2CuCl,一CCH,CH,C+20CuC8其化学兴想小组的同学用如图所示装置研究有关电化学的向感。当闭合该装置的电健时，现察到电流表的指针发生了偏转。下列说法错误的是31化学测试（十六）第2页（共4页）

Text 6M:What major do you plan to choose in the university?W:I like technology,so artificial intelligence would be my first choice.M:Wow.Have you ever attended any conference on that?W:Yes,I went to a conference two years ago in Shanghai.(6)M:Cool!How was it?(6)W:The speaker was a professor from the University of Oxford.He made a revolutionary breakthrough in Al.(6)M:You really got me interested in that field.Now I'm thinking maybe I should also choose this major.W:That would be fantastic.We might be classmates again.(7)I'm applying to the University of California.Text 7W:I just closed a deal with a very important client.M:Great.How do you feel now?(8)W:I honestly feel relieved that I'm done with it and I finally have some free time.(8)M:Glad to hear that.I'm wondering if we can make a plan and catch up with each other some night next weekend.(9)W:Sure,why not?How about your work?M:Well,there's a big project which keeps me busy and stressed.I have to stay focused all the time.W:Oh,that's right.Brittany mentioned something about the new sales campaign in your department.Anyway,I'm sureyou'll accomplish all your tasks at your best.M:Thanks for the encouraging words.I'll give you a call when I'm done with it.W:Can't wait for our night out.(9)See you,take care.M:Bye.◆close a deal达成协议◆catch up with each other彼此叙叙旧◆night out在外玩乐的夜晚Text 8W:Hi.That must be the nice car you were driving yesterday afternoon.(10)(11)When did you get it?M:Hey.It's my dad's old car.He gave it to me last month.(10)W:Wow,lucky you.What brand is it?M:It is Alfa Romeo.This Italian brand is very popular in Europe.(11)W:Oh,I haven't seen many cars of this brand around here.What's the horsepower of it?M:Its engine has 150 hp and the fuel consumption is very low.The car uses around 7 liters per 100 km.W:That's awesome.And what about your father?What kind of car does he drive now?(12)M:Last week he got himself a Mercedes-Benz,(12)a German car.It's really popular around the world,as well as BMW.W:Well,I really like your car.I actually thought it was made in China.If you decide to sell it in the future,please let meknow.I'm definitely interested in buying it.M:I sure will.◆Alfa Rome0阿尔法·罗密欧，是一家总部位于意大利米兰的汽车制造公司。◆horsepower马力（功率单位）Text9(第14题为推断题)M:Hey,you look a bit nervous.Is everything okay?W:Nothing special.You know,we're about to graduate from school.But I feel lost when planning for my future job.(13)M:I've been troubled by my future career too.(13)It's crucial that I can do something I'm keen on and enjoy my wholelife

出★启用前B.Draw up the budget for next yr.高三英语考试C.Organize a sports campaign on Thursday.7.What does the woman ask the man to do?注意事项：A.Wait for her i his office.B.Go to Mr.Jones'workplace1,答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。C.Make a phone call to Mr.Jones.2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在8.How does the woman feel now?答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。A.A little sad.9.Where is the woman going?B.A little nervous.3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。C.A little disappointed.A.To England.圜B.To America.第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。C.To Australia.做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转10.Who can use the bathroom on the first floor?蜘涂到答题卡上。1iA.Bill.年B.Bill's relatives.第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）11.Where is Bill's bedroom?C.The woman's family.听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选A.On the first floor.B.On the second floor.C.On the third floor.项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读12.What can Bill do in his bedroom at night?长一遍。A.Use the computer of the bedroom.例：How much is the shirt??B.Make calls optionally.A,￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.C.Turn up the TV.答案是C。听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。1.How will the guests go to the airport?13.What came suddenly last night?A.By train.B.By taxi.C.By bus.A.A storm.B.An earthquake.C.A flood.杯2.When will the meeting start?14.How long had Jack stayed on the roof?191A.At8:15.B.At8:45.C.At9:00.A.For 18 hours.B.For 8 days.C.For 8 hours.3.What does the man want to find?15.What happened to Amy's house?A.His pencils.B.His books.C.His bag.A.Its roof was blown away.4.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?B.Its windows were broken.A.Guide and tourist.B.Doctor and patient.C.Teacher and student.C.It was completely destroyed.5.What are the speakers mainly talking about?16.When will Amy graduate?A.A flight.B.A trip.C.A classroom.A.In July.B.In AugustC.In September.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A,B、C三个选项17.When does the speaker enjoy going toa moviewith friends?中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各A.On weekday nights.B.On weekend mornings.C.On weekend nights小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。18.What does the speaker usually try to do to watch a good movie?听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What will the speakers have to do?A.Check the movie reviews.A.Send figures to Mr.Jones.B.Ask his friends about the movie.C.Go to the theater to confirm the movie.4【高三英语第1页（共10页）】517C·HEB·【高三英语第2页（共10页）】517C·HEB

哈尔滨市第九中学2023届高三第五次高考模拟考试英语答案阅读理解21-23BAD24-27 CACB28-31 CBCD32-35 ABCD36-40 CGAEF完形填空41-45 CBDCA46-50 ADADB 51-55 BCACD语篇填空56.survival57.which58.were carved59.varieties 60.However61.making62.of63.what/which64.an65.global应用文范文Dear friends,I'm Li Hua.I feel greatly privileged to have this opportunity to give a warm welcome toyou on behalf of our English Club.First and foremost,our club was founded last year,which attracted more than 300 people tojoin.With the aim of making members happy and meeting students'needs in English learning,wehave held no less than 50 activities so far.Additionally,in this term we will arrange various funactivities that you are surely to be interested in,such as English speech contests,the EnglishDrama and so on.I hope everyone can seize the chance to participate in the activities as well asmake more friends to practice English together.We hope it will be a happy and memorable experience in your life.Wish you anunforgettable time here!Thank you.读后续写范文That night,I was struck by an idea as I read a graphic novel that all three of us liked.Thrilled and inspired,I sprang in front of my desk,racked my brains and started drawing a fewscenes of three of us giggling,chattering and enjoying each other's company like we usually did.On the last page,I wrote,"Dear Kash,you are not the one left behind.Liya and I are so sorryabout the way we messed things up."Pierced to the heart with guilt,I gingerly tucked thepaintings into an envelope,hoping this would be an icebreaker.The next day,I handed my pages of apology to Kash.He took it,looking surprised at the firstsight.After he read it,an expression of intense joy illuminated his eyes.Blushed,I broke thesilence,"I'm sorry,dude.We should have talked to you."With her eyes fixed on the floor,Liyacame over and apologized in a low voice,"You mean a lot to us."Hearing her words,Kash shookhis head and beamed,"I was way too sensitive."We exchanged a knowing smile,realizing thatsincerity,trust and communication were always the key to clearing up the misunderstandingbetween friends.

·英语·参考答案及解析strange noise that sounded like a sneeze.The blocks fell the end of the summer,Bob and Bobby could walk to thedown and Bob smiled and moved his fingers up and down.end of the park road and Bob could talk better and betterBobby laughed and laughed.Now he knew that Bob would each day.One day the two finished a block building game.get better.And Bob did.When the weather got nice andBob said,"Bobby,tell stories how you teach Bob towarm,Bobby decided to teach Bob how to walk in thewalk."Bobby held his grandfather's hand gently and said,park."Well,Bob,I held your arms and then I said,Now one“OK,Bob.Now one foot,”Bobby said.Bob movedfoot,now the other.’And before you knew it”one foot."Now the other foot."Bob moved the other.By反馈意见有奖·44.

参芳答案同步达标自主练·九年级化学第二次（期中）一、选择题（本大题包括12小题，每小题1分，共12分）题号156>101112答案DDABCABDD二、非选择题（本大题包括5小题，文字表达式2分，其余每空1分，共28分）13.(4分)》(1)原子不可再分(2)错误原子核外有很大的空间，电子就在这个空间做高速的运动，但不是做圆周运动，不存在确切的轨道(3)模型14.(10分)(1)铁架台水槽(2)氯酸钾二教化锰氯化钾+氧气AC收集前集气瓶中的水不清或导管口刚出现气泡就开始收集等（合理即可）加热(3)E(4)氧气浓度(5)检验生成物是否为二氧化碳澄清石灰水变浑浊15.(4分)(1)+1(2)肥皂水(3)煮沸(4)AC16.(5分)(1)红磷、硫燃烧放热，气体膨胀，气压增大(2)a(3)生成物二氧化硫是气体，与消耗的氧气体积相同(4)不能(5)不能是气体注意：若答对第(6)(7)(8)小题奖励3分，化学总得分不超过40分。(6)足量红磷不能把装置中的氧气耗尽(7)白磷燃烧消耗氧气(8)细铁丝生锈，试管中的液面约上升至试管中空气总体积的五分之一处17.(5分)》(1)(2分)5：8：2[提示：根据图示可知该物质的一个分子中含有碳原子5个、氢原子8个、氧原子2个，故碳原子、氢原子、氧原子的个数比为5：8：2。](2)(3分)根据第(1)题可知该物质的化学式为CHgO2,可设xg戊二醛中含碳元素的质量为30g。×12X5=30g100解得x=50g答：50g戊二醛中含碳元素的质量为30g。九年级化学第二次（期中）·参考答案

T西可制取一种重要的化工原箱2023~2024学年第一学期高三年级期中学业诊断,下列化学用语的表达确的是A用吵f式表示KS的形成：K个K一K1K、化学试卷B,Na的结构示意图：+128】(考试时间：下午2：30一4：00)C.中子数为9的氮原子6说明：本试卷为第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，答题时间90分钟，满分100分。)咧任2似丙烷的空间填充型)题号总分制备的化学反应正确的是得分下列有关物质4.A制粗硅：Si0,+2C高温=Si+2C0↑可能用到的相对原子质量：H1C12016A127电解2A1+3Cl,12入212第P卷（选择题共43分B.冶炼铝：2AC4a,C0,+0第气一、选择题（本题包括18小题，第1~11小题每小题2分，第12~18小题每小题3分，共43分。C.制氧气：2NaD.H,和CL,在光照条件下反应制CdCL,光照2HC在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。请将正确选项的序号填人答案栏内)5.下列说法错误的是题号268A从海水中可获得淡水食盐等产品解,B.豆腐是利用盐卤等使豆浆中蛋白质纸的原理制成的答案C.葡萄酒中添加（氧化硫可似起到兔利拉奥化的作用题号101112131415161>18D.我国研制出高柔韧性单晶往无能电池，硅单质是应用最为广泛的半导体材料、答案6.含温下，下列各果离子在指疾宽意中能大量年装绿h。1.在文物修复、材料、健康、能源等领域，化学发挥着重要作用。下列说法错的是ApH=3的馨液中@0，A寸nA.长沙铜官窑彩瓷是以黏土为主要原料，经高温烧结而成B.滴人KsC溶液显红色瓷液中：K'.Mg.SO.NO002B.豆浆能产生丁达尔效应是于防体粒承对光线的散射C.(H0H×10助中：NH,K、HCO,、NOC.龟甲的成分之千羟基磷猴石属手有机物D.c()=0.1molL的溶液a、Fe”、Cl0、S0D.杭州亚运会使用的“零碳甲醇”是利用H,捕捉CO,制得合“碳中和”理念〈氧化钙、氢氧化钙和碳酸钙是烟气脱硫理想的吸收剂，因而获得广泛应用。下列说选错墨的是A.饱和氯化铁溶液打刷备氢氧化铁胶体A《u敏A.氧化钙属于碱性氧化物，B.氯化铁溶液腐蚀覆铜板。B.碱性：Ca(OH)2>Mg(OH)2C化亚修反应制0小练、00作的人x水纯C.碱石灰是烧碱，氢化钙的固体混合物，常用于于燥阳D/向5mL混有少量泥土的浑浊水中加人2mL饱和FeCl,溶液，静置5min,溶液变澄清。燃家师加人金酸每打以成少酸雨的形成组室体的排放一升身第2页（共10页）f僧久高三化学第1页（共10页）所价

二、非选择题（本题包括4小题，共58分）15.(14分)明矾[KA1(SO,)2·12H,O]可作中药，易溶于水，不溶于乙醇。实验室以铝质易拉罐为原料制备明矾，并测定其中结晶水的含量。回答下列问题：(1)为了加快铝质易拉罐溶于氢氧化钠溶液（其他物质不参与反应）的速率，宜采用的措施有(答2条即可)，反应的离子方程式为(2)将(1)反应后的混合物过滤，向滤液中加人入稀硫酸调节pH为9，减压过滤得到AI(OH)3,调节pH为9的目的是,若调节pH过低，导致所得的A1(OH)3质量(填“偏高”或“偏低”)。(3)将(2)中得到的AI(OH)3溶于稀硫酸中，然后加人KSO,所得溶液经减压过滤、洗涤、干燥得到明矾晶体，其中洗涤剂宜选择(填标号)。A.稀H2SO,B.蒸馏水C.乙醇(4)减压过滤装置如图所示。下列有关减压过滤的叙述正确的是(填标号)。减压过滤得到的固体较干燥且过滤速度较快，适合分离所有自来水龙头的固体和液体一布氏漏斗B.当吸滤瓶中液体液面接近支管口时，应拔掉吸滤瓶上的橡胶管并将液体从支管口倒出C.滤纸应略小于布氏漏斗内径并能将全部小孔盖住，用蒸馏水将滤纸润湿，微开水龙头，抽气使滤纸紧贴布氏漏斗(5)结晶水含量的测定：取wg上述所得的明矾晶体[KA1(SO,)2·xH2O],加入过量的Ba(OH)2溶液，过滤、干燥后，称量固体的质量为4.66g,则x(用含w的代数式表示)16.(14分)A、B、C、D、E、F为中学化学中的常见物质，且物质A由1~2种短周期主族元素组成，在一定条件下有如图转化关系，请完成下列问题：A HO :B-EC-E.D一E(1)若常温下A为有色气体。①若F是一种金属单质，请写出一定浓度的B溶液和适量F反应生成C与气体E的离子方程式：②若C为直线形分子，E具有漂白性，物质F的焰色试验火焰呈黄色，则C的电子式为;D中所含化学键的类型为(2)若A为淡黄色固体，D为白色、难溶于水的物质，且A和D的相对分子质量相等，D的化学式为,请用离子方程式表示F的水溶液呈酸性的原因：(3)若A中一种元素原子的最外层电子数为内层电子总数的号，F为气体单质，且F中的元素在地壳中的含量最多，将B和D分别溶于水，所得溶液按恰当比例混合，可得一种不含金属元素的盐溶液。请写出B的一种用途：;B转化为C的化学方程式为【高三化学第4页（共6页）】·24-143C.